Hi Flynn,
I haven't tried this method myself, but I've seen others do it, and it seems to work quite well as long as your starting water is fine and you've done your research. The 'sealed ecosystem' bit has me worried though - shrimp (and snails? probably ahaha) need oxygen, and if you plan on this lasting very long, I don't think it'll work if it is fully sealed. The plants also need natural CO2 to grow, so limiting their supply of it may not turn out well. When fish and shrimp are sold in non-breather bags, you have to be mindful of how long you're transporting them for - not for lack of food, but for lack of air. Mind, that is a more stressful environment, hence they ventilate more, but you'll still have them in there for much longer than they would be held in a bag.
Hope that helps,
Crabby